POINTED GOURD

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BOTANICAL NAME				TRICHOSANTHES DIOICA
FAMILY				CUCURBITACEAE
Synonym:				Mukia maderaspatans Linn. Mukia scabrella
OTHER NAMES
·   SANSKRIT »   Bijagarbha, Karkasa, Karkasacchada, Kulaka, Meki, Pallava, Parvagi, Parvara, Patola, Patolah, Patolam, Patoli, Piluparnika, Putulika, Rajanama, Rajapatola, Rajiphala, Supathya, Vrittabija ·   HINDI »   Palval, Palwal, Parvar, Parwal ·   BENGALI »   Potol, Patol ·   ENGLISH »   Pointed gourd ·   MALYALAM »   Kattu-potolam, Patolam ·   TAMIL »   Kombuppudalai, Musumusukai, Peypputalai, Putalai, Kombu-pudalai, Peyu-padal, Kompupputal, Amirtapalai
DESCRIPTION			A dioecious climber with perennial root stock; stem slender, angled, hispid. Tendrils usually forked. Leaves 7.5 * 5 cm, ovate-oblong or cordate, acute, sinuate-dentate, rough on both surfaces.
PHARMACOGNOSY			The root stock is somewhat cylindrical or sometimes compressed, tapering, smooth, 3-6 cm long and 3-5 mm in diameter, white to light yellow externally and white internally. Fracture is smooth, soft and starchy. Transverse section of root shows a few layered cork followed by parenchymatous cortex. Phloem rays are funnel shaped becoming broad towards the periphery.
DISTRIBUTION			This species is found in wild state only in the plains of North India from Punjab to Assam. It is also cultivated throughout the warmer regions of India like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Assam for its fruits and throughout India ascending up to 1,800 mtr in the Hills.
CULTIVATION			The plant requires humid and hot climate. Propagation is done by root or stem cuttings. Early planting is done during February-April and late planting form May to July.
PART (S) USED			LEAF
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS			Musumusukai is  typically low in calories, low in fat, high in protein per calorie, high in dietary fiber, high in iron  and calcium, and very high in phytochemicals such as vitamin C, carotenoids, lutein, folate as well as Vitamin K, Nicotinic acid, Riboflavin, Thiamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, Linoleic acid, Oleic acid, Colocynthin, Trichosanthin, Saponin, Hntriacontane.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION			Haemagglutinating, Antiobacterial, Antifungal, Hypoglycaemic
THERAPEUTIC USES			Tidooshaj vikaar   ·   Abdominal disorders   ·   Leprosy   ·   Skin disorders   ·   Strength, if you take  musumusukai leaves with your food, will be reduced sneeze problem, Boil the leaf juice with gingelly oil and applied topically on the head before taking bath to cure Asthma

PURPLE FRUITED PEA EGGPLANT

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THUTHUVALAI  :  common Name

SOLANUM TRILOBATUM : Botanical Name

Family: Solanaceae

Genus: Solanum

Species: trilobatum

Botanical name: Solanum trilobatum

English name: Purple-fruited pea eggplant, cultivated nightshade 

Tamil name: Thuthuvalai

Sanskrit name: Alarka, Agnidamani.

Habitat:

 Almost all districts. Peninsular India,

Botanical description:

Much branched spiny scandent shrubs. Leaves deltoid or triangular, irregularly lobed. Flowers purplish-blue, in cymes. Berry globose, red or scarlet.

Parts used:  Whole plant.

PLANT DESCRIPTION
A small perennial deciduous armed shrub grows over bushes and hedges. Leaves simple, opposite, ovate or trilobed or irregularly lobed, long petiolate and pubescent. Flowers purplish-blue, in cymes. Berry globose, red or scarle

Plant Vitamins:

• Solanum trilobatum contains a potassium nitrate, fatty acid, diosgenin,caffeic acid, solasodine, solasonine, solamargine, quercetin, apigenin, histamine, acetylcholine. Milk is contains significant amounts of saturated fat, protein and calcium as well as vitamin C.

Properties and uses:

Roots used for consumption in the form of electuary, decoction or powder. Berries and flowers used to relive cough. Whole plant – Consumption, bronchitis and other respiratory disorders, carcinoma, aphrodisiac (flowers). Dyspnoea, anorexia, constipation, worm infestation, blood disorders, hemiplegia, trachyphonia, skin diseases, oedema, urinary calculi, amenorrhoea, coryza, epilepsy, dysuria.

Uses:

  – It tones the tissues of the body 

  – It stimulates sexual desire 

  – It tones the nervous tissue 

  It is a very good brain stimulant 

  It removes chest, nose and head congestion 

  It relieves cough and cold 

  It relieves dyspepsia (impairment of digestion) 

  It relieves skin diseases 

  It increases memory power 

Thuthuvalai is good for liver, asthma & cancer treatment. Good to reduce cough, body pain. Chest cold can be reduced. According to siddhar's it is a kayakalpam and used for longitivity. This is a blood thining agent. Brings down body heat. You can add this to wheat flour and make rotis and consumed or can make rasam with the leaves, Solanum trilobatum has the capacity to cure the cough, so if you take some Solanum trilobatum leaves, boil with milk and drink it.

Perfection the body and develop :

The Physical body:

 

Develop the tissues, straightens body and mind, gives sexual power, purifies throughthe elimination of excrement, straightnes the heart, give a nice face

The mental emotional body:

Gives contentment and joy, develops listening capacities, develops the intelligence,controls anger.

MORINGA

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Kingdom: Plants
Subkingdom : Vascular plants
Superdivision : Seed plants
Division : Flowering plants
Class : Dicotyledons
Subclass : Dilleniidae
Order : Capparales
Family : Horse-radish tree family
Genus : moringa
Species : horseradishtree

General information

The Moringaceae is a single genus family with 14 known species. Of these Moringa oleifera Lam. (syns. Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn.) is the most widely known and utilised species. A native of the sub-Himalayan regions of north west India, Moringa oleifera (M.oleifera) is now indigenous to many countries in Africa, Arabia, South East Asia, the Pacific and Caribbean Islands and South America. Commonly known as the 'horse-radish' tree (arising from the taste of a condiment prepared from the roots) or 'drumstick' tree (arising from the shape of the pods), M.oleifera has a host of other country specific vernacular names, an indication of the significance of the tree around the world.

Historical proofs reveal that ancient kings and queens used Moringa leaves and fruit in their diet to maintain mental alertness and healthy skin. Moringa is rich in vitamin to the extent that it is one of the richest plant sources of Vitamin. Moringa leaf powder has Vitamin A (Beta Carotene), Vitamin B1 (Thiamine), Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), Vitamin B3 (Niacin), Vitamin B6 (Pyrodixine), Vitamin B7 (Biotin), Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid), Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol), Vitamin E (Tocopherol) and Vitamin K. The list of Minerals present in Moringa leaf powder is abundant and few of the main minerals include Calcium, Copper, Iron, Potassium, Magnesium, Manganese and Zinc.

Moringa leaf powder is the richest source of Calcium from a plant material and Moringa leaf powder contains more Calcium than that of milk and more Iron than that of Spinach, helps in the formation of hemoglobin and myoglobin, which carry the oxygen in the blood and the muscle. Iron also makes up part of many proteins and enzymes in the body and deficiencies of which leads to the weakening of the immune system. Moringa with more potassium content than that of Banana assists in the regulation of the acid-base and water balance in the blood and the body tissues. It assists in protein synthesis from amino acids and in carbohydrate metabolism. It is necessary for the building of muscle and for normal body growth.

Moringa has approximately 46 antioxidants and is one of the most powerful sources of natural anti-oxidants. Anti-oxidants supply the free atoms needed by the human body and mitigate the effect of free radicals. Moringa leaves are rich in Flavonoids, a class of anti-oxidants. The major anti-oxidants present are Quercetin, Kaempferol, Beta-Sitosterol, Caffeoylquinic acid and Zeatin. Antioxidants play a major role in controlling the symptoms of aging process and improve the cardiovascular health. Additionally, Vitamin C & Vitamin E, present in Moringa, also function as anti-oxidants. Researches confirm that the anti-oxidants deliver the desired result, if only taken with the combination of other essential vitamin and minerals, which makes health enthusiast to seek after Moringa. Moringa leaves and fruits are loaded with Phytonutrients. Phytonutrients are certain organic components of plants, and these components are thought to promote human health. The phytonutrients present in Moringa include, Alpha-carotene, Beta-Carotene, Beta-cryptoxanthin, Lutein, Zeaxanthin and Chlorophyll. Phytonutrients flushes toxins from the body, purifies the liver, helps to strengthen the immune system, helps in rebuilding the red blood cells and the important of all, Moringa Phytonutrients rejuvenate the body at the cellular l

Uses & Benefits of Moringa

• It is an anti-inflammatory
• Gives a feeling of general wellness
• Supports the normal sugar levels of the body.
• Increases the Natural Defenses of the body
• Provides nourishment to the eyes and the brain.
• Promotes metabolism with bio-available ingredients
  
• Promotes the Cell structure of the body
• Promotes natural Serum cholesterol.
• Promotes the normal functioning of the liver and the kidney.
  Promotes proper digestion
• Acts as an antioxidant
• Takes care of the immune system of the body
• Promotes healthy circulatory system

Uses & Benefits of Moringa

To present Moringa powder supplementation as an immune stimulant for HIV+ people, particularly those who cannot afford good nutrition and medicines in Africa. Introduction: 70% of all HIV positive people live in sub-Saharan Africa where malnutrition is rife. The collapse of the immune system in an HIV+ individual results in the symptoms of AIDS. It is known that certain elements and vitamins (For example Vit C,E,A elements Zinc, Iron ) can stimulate the immune system and thereby improve the health and lifestyle of an individual for many years.

ISSUE

Dried leaf powder from the Moringa oleifera is an excellent nutrient source and can easily supplement basic food intake of African people. Moringa is exceptionally rich in Vit A/[beta] carotene, Vit C, E and key elements including selenium, but also contains almost a full RDA of other nutrients required for a healthy lifestyle. Literature reports support a synergism between Nutrition Acquired Immunodeficiency and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. This suggests that enhanced nutrition (such as that which can be achieved via Moringa) could benefit a person with AIDS. The effects of Moringa powder supplementation are currently under investigation in a phase 1 clinical trial of HIV patients at the Medical Faculty, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa.

RECOMMENDATION

Moringa dry leaf powder may be a valuable nutrient for the poor communities of Africa by boosting the immune system to fight infections and thereby enhancing the well-being of HIV+ persons.

Moringa contains

Vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, C,Calcium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese,
Phosphorus, Potassium, Protein and Zinc.

GINSENG

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Botanical Name(s): Withania Somnifera
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Genus: Withania
Species: W. somnifera
Popular Name(s): Withania, Winter Cherry, Indian Winter Cherry, Indian Ginseng, Ashgand, Achuvagandi Ashgandh, Ajagandha, Kanaje Hindi, Samm Al Ferakh
Parts Used: Roots, leaves
Habitat: Cultivated throughout drier parts of India

Description

Also known as Indian ginseng or Indian winter cherry, Ashwagandha is used in Indian traditional systems of medicine, namely Ayurveda and Unani. It is a stout shrub that reaches a height of about 170 cm (5 to 6 ft). The erect branched shrub is berry-like in shape and size and bears greenish or lurid yellow Flowers and red fruits. The plant is grown in various parts of India like Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra. It is also cultivated in Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka.

Plant Chemicals

(+)- withanine, somniferine, somnine, somniferinine, withananine, anhydrine, methanol, hexane, diethyl ether, alkaloid (0.13-0.31%), choline, tropanol, pseudotopanol, cuscokygrene, 3-tigioyloxytropana, isopelletierine, withaferin-A, starch, glycosides, dulcitol, withancil, aspartic acid, glycine, tyrosine, alanine, glutamic acid, cysteine.

Uses & Benefits of Ashwagandha

• Ashwagandha is beneficial in stress related disorders, like arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, general debility, etc.
• It works as a rasayan that helps in preventing early aging and rejuvenates the whole body.
  
• The herb is considered as an adaptogen that stimulates the immune system and improves the memory.
• Ashwagandha increases the white blood cell count and prepares the body to produce antigens against different infections and allergies.
• Since it has excellent healing properties, it is greatly effective in healing wounds and injuries.
• Due to its good penetrating powers, the herb promotes calmness and mental satisfaction.
  
• Ashwagandha helps in increasing the number and quality of sperms.
• It revitalizes the body and decreases untimely fatigue that is caused due to weak body strength, which results from accumulation of negative energies in the body.
• Due to presence of vata-suppressant properties, ashwagandha relieves stress and helps in nurturing nervous system.
• It provides nourishment to the brain for better functioning and greater ability to work.
• Since the herb is a powerful aphrodisiac, it assists in enhancing sexual powers and promotes long-lasting endurance.
• Ashwagandha seeds are used to thicken milk in India.
• It helps in improving mental ability and mental concentration, gaining retaining power and increasing the production of bone marrow.
• The herb works as a powerful immune booster that helps in fighting any foreign invasion in the body.
• Since ashwagandha possesses the properties that suppress kapha, the plant gives good results in leucorrhoea.
• It is used as a liver tonic and anti-inflammatory agent that treats asthma, ulcers, Insomnia and senile dementia.
• Incorporation of the herb in the diet prevents or decreases the growth of tumors in humans.
• The use of ashwagandha is significant in anxiety, cognitive a

HOLY BASIL

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Botanical Name(s) Family Name Kingdom Division Class Order Family Genus Species Popular Name(s) Parts Used Habitat

Ocimum Sanctum Lamiaceae Plantae Magnoliophyta Magnoliopsida Lamiales Lamiaceae Ocimum O. basilicum Basil, Common Basil, French Basil, Garden Basil, Sacred Basil, Holy Basil, Tulsi, Royal Herb, Luole, Sweet Basil. Leaves, Seeds. Found throughout India

Description

The term ‘Basil’ has been derived from a Greek word ‘basileus’, which means ‘king’. It is a tender, low-growing herb that reaches a height of 1 to 2 feet. The stem of the plant bears many leaves, having a characteristic purple hue or coloration. The flowers are peculiar, in having two lips. The flower color can vary from pure white to pure red, with a slight purple tinge in some flowers. Basil is native to India, Iran and other tropical regions of Asia and has been grown there for more than 5,000 years. It is now cultivated throughout the world, as a flavoring herb in many cuisines. It plays a major role in cuisines of Italy, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodian and Laos. The herb comes in a number of varieties, like the sweet basil, holy basil, lemon basil and African blue basil.

Plant Chemicals

(+)- volatile oil (linalool, methyl chavicol), methyl cinnamate, cineole, citronellol, geraniol, myrcene, pinene, ocimene, terpineol, E-beta-caryophyllene.

Uses & Benefits of Basil

• Fresh basil forms a common ingredient in cooked recipes across the world.
  
• Basil oil has potent antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-viral and anti-bacterial properties.
• Basil has been known to decrease the occurrence of platelet aggregation and experimental thrombus in mice.
• In India, it has been traditionally used for the supplementary treatment of stress, asthma and diabetes.
• Basil serves as an herbal remedy for diseases related to the brain, heart, lungs, bladder and kidneys.
  
• The herb is mixed with borage to make a tea that heightens vitality. Steaming basil tea is also used for treating patients with fever.
• Basil tea is utilized in the internal as well as external treatment of eye problems. It is used as eyewash and the tea is also drunk to treat eye disorders.
• Dried basil leaves are used in a snuff, as a remedy for colds.
• The herb has been used as an antidote for poison since ancient times.
• It is commonly used in cosmetics as a toning body rub, when mixed with sea salt and vegetable oil.
• Basil is used for treating disorders of the digestive and nervous systems and reducing the incidence of flatulence in affected individuals.
  
• The herb is helpful in all kinds of cramps in the stomach. It is also used to treat colic, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, intestinal worms, physical tiredness, depression, short-term and long-term anxiety and insomnia.
• Herbal remedies made from sweet basil are used in the treatment of epilepsy, migraine and whooping cough.
• Sweet basil is applied on insect bites as an external herbal ointment.
• The herb is used in malaria, catarrh, bronchitis coughs, headaches, lung problems, abdominal distention, arthritis, nasal congestion, nerve tissue strengthening, sinus congestion, and gastric disorders.
• It purifies the air, clears the lungs, and proves to be an effective heart tonic.
• Basil also lowers blood sugar levels and its powder is used for treating mouth ulcers.

Caution

Intake of basil seeds in large quantities is harmful for the brain.

ECLIPTA

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Botanical Name(s) Kingdom Division Class Order Family Genus Species Popular Name(s) Parts Used Habitat

Eclipta Alba Plantae Magnoliophyta Magnoliopsida Asterales Asteraceae Eclipta L. Eclipta prostrata (L.) Babri, Galagara, Gunta-kalagara, Kaikeshi, Karisha-lankanni, Karisirang-kanni, Kesharaji, Kesuri, Kesuria, Kesutti, Maka, Mochkand Herb, roots, leaves Throughout India & Southwestern America

Description

Karisalankanni is a creeping and moisture-loving herb. It has a short, flat or round stem and small white flowers on a long stalk. It grows 3" tall; the leaves are opposite and lance shaped. The roots of the pant are well developed, cylindrical and grayish in color. Floral heads are solitary, white in color, achene compressed, narrowly winged and 6-8 mm in diameter. The plant grows commonly in moist places all over the world, as a weed.

Plant Chemicals

The extract obtained from Karisalankanni plant contains an alkaloid called ecliptine. This extract is resinous in nature. The leaves of the plant contain a rich amount of protein. The chief constituents of Bhringaraj are coumestan derivatives like wedololactone[1.6%], demethylwedelolactone, desmethyl-wedelolactone-7 glucoside and other constituents are ecliptal, ß-amyrin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, hentriacontanol, heptacosanol, stigmasterol. It is known for its anticancer, antileprotic, analgesic, antioxidant, antimyotoxic, antihaemorrhagic, antihepatotoxic, antiviral, antibacterial, spasmogenic, hypotensive and ovicidal properties.

Uses & Benefits of Karisalankanni

• Karisalankanni is the main herb for the hair care and cirrhosis in Ayurveda. It is believed to maintain and rejuvenate hair, teeth, bones, memory, sight, and hearing.
  
• It works to rejuvenate kidneys and liver. As oil, it treats graying and balding, makes the hair darker, and promotes deep sleep. It also improves complexion.
  
• In Ayurveda, the root powder is used for treating hepatitis, enlarged spleen and skin disorders. Mixed with salt, it relieves burning urine sensation. Mixed with a little oil and applied to the head, the herb relieves headache.
  
• Karisalankanni is also used in to prevent repeated miscarriage and abortion. It is also used to relieve post-delivery uterine pain. The leaves of this herb are used to reduce uterine bleeding.
• The extract taken of its leaves is mixed with honey and given to infants, for the expulsion of worms. karisalankanni is also given to children in case of urinary tract infections.
• Fumigation with karisalankanni is considered to bring about relief in piles.
• karisalankanni oil is has anti-aging properties, as it has a rejuvenating effect on the body. It is also given as a general tonic in cases of debility.
• karisalankanni is used extensively by Ayurvedic practitioners, for treating skin diseases and eye infections.
• Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, the herb is also used for treating hyperacidity.